Current research seeks to define the mechanisms underlying the beneficial effects of stem cell transplants on radiation-induced cognitive dysfunction. This work has also expanded to define the mechanisms underlying chemotherapy-induced cognitive decrements, as condition commonly referred to as “chemobrain.” Significant research is focused on determining how transplanted stem cells improve cognition after irradiation and chemotherapy, efforts designed to ameliorate the adverse cognitive side effects suffered in millions of cancer survivors subjected to various irradiation and chemotherapeutic regimes. Correspondingly, significant work in my lab is now focused on stem cell strategies as potentially useful and novel clinical interventions for improving long-term cognitive health following cytotoxic cancer treatments.